The idea

Take a short strangle. Add “wings” (protection) on both sides. Now if either side blows through your short strikes, the long strikes cap your loss.

Four legs, one position:

A worked example

Example

Nifty weekly iron condor

Nifty at ₹25,000. Weekly expiry Tuesday.

  • Sell Nifty 25,300 CALL @ ₹75
  • Buy Nifty 25,500 CALL @ ₹30 (wing)
  • Sell Nifty 24,700 PUT @ ₹80
  • Buy Nifty 24,500 PUT @ ₹35 (wing)

Net premium: (75 − 30 + 80 − 35) × 25 = ₹2,250 collected

Max loss (either side breaks): spread width − net premium = 200 − 90 = ₹110 per share = ₹110 × 25 = ₹2,750

Risk/reward: risk ₹2,750 to make ₹2,250. Not glamorous — but bounded.

Payoffs at expiry:

Nifty stays 24,700 – 25,300: all worthless → keep ₹2,250.

Nifty at 25,600: loss = spread width − net premium = ₹2,750 (max loss, capped).

Nifty at 26,500 (huge move): still only lose ₹2,750. Cap held.

Nifty at 24,400: loss = ₹2,750 (max loss on put side).

Nifty at 22,000 (crash): still only ₹2,750 lost.

The math

Iron condor formulas

Net premium = Short call + Short put − Long call − Long put (per share)

Max profit = Net premium × Lot (if underlying between short strikes at expiry)

Max loss = (Spread width − Net premium) × Lot

Where spread width = |Long call strike − Short call strike| (assumes wings are equidistant)

Break-evens: Upper = Short call strike + Net premium Lower = Short put strike − Net premium

Why iron condor beats naked strangle

Short strangleIron condor
Premium₹3,875₹2,250
Win rate~90%~85%
Max lossUnlimited ⚠️₹2,750 (capped)
Margin requiredHigherMuch lower
Sleep qualityPoorGood

You collect less premium (~60%) but your worst-day loss goes from “unlimited” to a known ₹2,750. Margin required drops too. Trade-off strongly favors iron condor for most retail traders.

Strike selection

Standard iron condor:

Rule of thumb: target a premium at least 30-35% of the max loss. If premium is only 20% of max loss, the trade isn’t worth it (bad risk/reward).

💡 Simple sizing rule

Only risk 2% of account per iron condor. Account ₹1,00,000, max risk per trade = ₹2,000. So max 1 lot with ₹200 wings, or 2 lots with ₹100 wings. Stay small, live to trade another day.

When to trade iron condors

When NOT to trade them

Two management approaches

1. Set-and-forget: Enter the condor. Don’t touch. Let it expire. Take the outcome. Simple, works if you sized right.

2. Active management:

Active management tightens outcomes but requires more attention. Retail traders typically do better with set-and-forget + strict sizing.

The Nifty weekly iron condor “portfolio”

Popular retail approach in India:

Realistic monthly income scaling

CapitalRealistic net income/month
₹50,000₹500-1,500
₹1,00,000₹1,000-3,000
₹5,00,000₹5,000-15,000
₹10,00,000₹10,000-30,000
₹25,00,000₹25,000-70,000

Numbers assume disciplined sizing, no leverage, occasional losing months.

Advanced: iron butterfly and broken-wing variants

Iron butterfly — same idea but the two short strikes are the SAME (at spot):

Higher premium collected than iron condor (short straddle body), but narrower profit zone (needs Nifty to pin exactly at the strike). Best when you strongly believe in a pin at a specific level.

Broken-wing butterfly — asymmetric wings, often set up for a net CREDIT rather than debit:

The narrow-wing side has bounded loss; the wide-wing side has larger max loss but sets up for a credit. Directional bet where you WANT the market to move away from the wide-wing side.

Example

Broken-wing put butterfly on Nifty (bullish tilt)

Nifty at 25,000. Mildly bullish; don’t expect it to drop much but happy to profit if it holds.

  • Buy 1 Nifty 24,700 PUT @ ₹80 (narrow wing)
  • Sell 2 Nifty 24,500 PUT @ ₹40 (body)
  • Buy 1 Nifty 24,000 PUT @ ₹15 (wide wing)

Net: (−80 + 80 − 15) × 25 = −₹375 debit (small, or often zero/credit at different strikes)

Max profit: at 24,500 = 200 − 15 (structural) × 25 = ₹4,625 Loss zone: below 24,000 (max ~₹5,000) Free zone: above 24,700 (no loss beyond debit)

You’ve built a directional bet with an asymmetric payoff that costs almost nothing.

Broken-wing butterflies are advanced but powerful for expressing high-confidence directional views with limited cost.

Try it

Payoff calculator → “Iron condor” preset. Notice the four “knees” in the payoff — bounded losses instead of a strangle’s endless drop.